Forging Types

Forging is a metal shaping process by application of compressive forces using dies and tools. Following are the various types of Forging
1. Hot Forging– Forging process when carried at a temperature above the recrystallization temperature of the metal is called hot forging. This process is performed to prevent strain hardening during deformation

2. Cold Forging– Another type of Forging process which is carried at a temperature below the recrystallization temperature of the metal is called cold forging. This is done for simply shaped components preferably softer metals/alloys. Compared to cold forging, components produced by hot forging type are more ductile.

3. Press Forging– In press forging, an unceasing pressure or force is applied, unlike the near-instantaneous impact of drop-hammer forging. In press forging, deformation of complete workpiece occurs while in drop-hammer forging, usually, only the surfaces of the workpiece in contact with the hammer and anvil deform; the interior of the workpiece remain relatively undeformed.

4. Drop Hammer Forging – It is a forging process where a hammer is lifted and then dropped onto the workpiece to deform it according to the die shape.
There are two categories of drop forging
a. open-die drop forging and
b. closed-die drop forging
In Open-die forging, the work-piece is not fully enclosed while in Close-die forging, the workpiece is fully enclosed.